Фразеалагізмы ca значэннем эмоцый у беларускай мове

Abstract

The proposed research is carried out in the mainstream of emotive linguistics which is an actual line of scientific research today. To denote emotional experiences the language has a variety of means - lexical, phonetic, grammatical. The article analyzes phraseological units with the semantics of emotions in the Belarusian language recorded in the two-volume dictionary "Dictionary of phraseological units" by I. Ya. Lepeshau (2008). These phraseological units are united in one phraseological semantic field within which one can distinguish several semantic groups: 1) the semantic group "emotional state"; 2) the semantic group "emotional relationship"; 3) the semantic group "external manifestation of emotions;" 4) the semantic group "emotional peace”. Each group has its own integral semantic feature. The number of phraseological units is dominated by the first group. Separately a group of causative phraseological units was singled out and considered, the integral semantic sign for which is the combination of the 'emotion' seme with the 'impact' seme. These phraseological units refer to the emotional state of an object caused by the actions of a subject. It was noted that in all the examined semantic groups the designation of negative emotions (fear, anxiety, excitement, despair, anger, hatred, sadness, shame, melancholy) is dominant, the designation of positive emotions is much less common (joy, happiness, sympathy, love). Many phraseological units have close semantics so they can form synonymic series. Anthony is less common. There were recorded cases of enantiosemia - the presence of opposing meanings within one phraseological unit. The phraseological material indicates that metaphor is the main way of forming figurativness.